Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A(n) ____ is the simplest form of matter.
a. | cell | b. | element | c. | molecule | d. | compound |
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2.
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The most abundant atoms in living organisms are:
a. | carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. | b. | sulfur and nitrogen. | c. | carbon, oxygen and
nitrogen. | d. | oxygen and phosphorus. |
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3.
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A ____ is a group of two or more atoms joined together chemically.
a. | cell | b. | solution | c. | light
ray | d. | molecule |
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4.
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The process of rearranging atoms in one substance into a new substance is called
a:
a. | production. | b. | chemical reaction. | c. | compound. | d. | solution. |
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5.
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A single ____ is the smallest part of an element.
a. | cell | b. | molecule | c. | atom | d. | carbon compound |
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6.
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Water is a(n) ____ that is made from chemically joined hydrogen and oxygen
atoms.
a. | atom | b. | lipid | c. | compound | d. | particle |
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7.
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Water supports life for all the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. | it has a high specific heat. | b. | it stays liquid at a wide range of
temperatures. | c. | it is a poor solvent. | d. | it dissolves just about
anything. |
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8.
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Figure 4-1A shows a chemical reaction. In this chemical reaction, glucose
is:
a. | a product. | b. | a reactant. | c. | a form of
energy. | d. | a lipid. |
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9.
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In the chemical reaction shown in Figure 4-1A, water and carbon dioxide
are:
a. | the products. | b. | the reactants. | c. | a form of
energy. | d. | elements. |
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10.
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The chemical reaction shown in Figure 4-1A illustrates the process known
as:
a. | cellular respiration. | b. | decomposition. | c. | photosynthesis. | d. | specific heat |
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11.
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The following diagram represents the following EXCEPT:  a. | water. | c. | a compound. | b. | a molecule. | d. | an element. |
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12.
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Fats contain about 9 food calories per gram. If a small handful of almonds
contains 10 grams of fat, how many food calories of fat are in the almonds?
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13.
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Most of the compounds that make up life contain the element:
a. | sulfur. | b. | phosphorus. | c. | carbon. | d. | oxygen. |
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14.
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Which of the following is NOT a carbon compound found in living things?
a. | Carbohydrates | b. | Proteins and lipids | c. | Water | d. | Nucleic acids |
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15.
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The carbohydrate, ____, is used by plants to give them a rigid structure.
a. | glucose | b. | sucrose | c. | cellulose | d. | starch |
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16.
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____ are energy-rich compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes.
a. | Proteins | b. | Sugars | c. | Nucleic
acids | d. | Lipids |
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17.
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____ are energy-rich compounds, such as starch, glucose, and sucrose.
a. | Proteins | b. | Acids | c. | Carbohydrates | d. | Water molecules |
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18.
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____ are made from smaller molecules called amino acids.
a. | Proteins | b. | Carbohydrates | c. | Lipids | d. | Starches |
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19.
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____ is a protein in the blood that carries oxygen.
a. | Hemoglobin | b. | DNA | c. | Amino
acid | d. | Cholesterol |
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20.
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____ is a nucleic acid that contains the information cells need to make
proteins.
a. | Starch | b. | Hemoglobin | c. | DNA | d. | Glucose |
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21.
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Foods such as ____ contain starch.
a. | eggs and meat | b. | peanut butter, nuts, and
beans | c. | rice, potatoes, and bread | d. | milk, cheese, and
yogurt |
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22.
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One of the functions of enzymes in the body is to:
a. | store energy. | b. | insulate. | c. | make up the outer
membrane of a cell. | d. | speed up the digestion
process. |
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23.
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All of the following are examples of carbohydrates EXCEPT:
a. | sugars. | b. | enzymes. | c. | starches. | d. | cellulose. |
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24.
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Which of the following is TRUE about proteins?
a. | Proteins store energy for animals. | b. | Proteins contain the information needed for
making DNA. | c. | Many animal parts, such as skin, hair, and hemoglobin, are made of
proteins. | d. | Proteins are used to give plants a rigid structure. |
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25.
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Lipids are compounds made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Which of the
following is a function of a lipid?
a. | Speeding up chemical reactions | b. | Giving cells a rigid
structure | c. | Energy storage | d. | Duplicating
proteins. |
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26.
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Sugar molecules are present in:
a. | nucleic acids | b. | carbohydrates | c. | starch | d. | all of the
above |
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27.
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There are 20 ____ that can combine to make up proteins.
a. | nucleic acids | b. | amino acids | c. | carbon
compounds | d. | chemical reactions |
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28.
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All of the following are true about carbon compounds EXCEPT:
a. | all carbon compounds are living. | b. | all life is made of carbon
compounds. | c. | gasoline is a carbon compound. | d. | there are over 12 million carbon
compounds. |
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29.
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A serving of peanut butter contains 7 grams of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates
provide 4 food calories per gram, so how many food calories in a serving of peanut butter come from
carbohydrates?
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30.
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Ecosystems are:
a. | where organisms live. | b. | groups of living things and their physical
surroundings. | c. | only found on land. | d. | how energy is transferred from the sun to
Earth. |
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31.
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All of Earth’s different ecosystems make up the:
a. | biosphere. | b. | community. | c. | population. | d. | All of the
above |
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32.
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Which is the source of energy for most life on Earth?
a. | Plants | b. | Bacteria | c. | Water | d. | the Sun |
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33.
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Which of the following contains most of the water available to living
things?
a. | Rivers | b. | Fresh water lakes | c. | Oceans | d. | Glaciers |
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34.
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Which of the following would be considered an ecosystem?
a. | The Sun | b. | Oxygen | c. | The Atlantic
ocean | d. | pH |
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35.
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Why are there so few organisms in the dark zone of the ocean?
a. | The temperature is too high in the dark zone. | b. | The deep zone is too
far away for organisms to travel. | c. | Sunlight does not reach down into the dark
zone. | d. | The dark zone is too salty for fish. |
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36.
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Which would probably contain the most dissolved oxygen?
a. | A warm, still pond | b. | A cool, still pond | c. | A warm, fast-moving
stream | d. | A cool, fast-moving stream |
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37.
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Which of the following organisms lives mostly in a land habitat?
a. | Eagle | b. | Dolphin | c. | Goldfish | d. | Rabbit |
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38.
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A(n) ____ is an example of a freshwater habitat.
a. | ocean | b. | river | c. | desert | d. | rainforest |
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39.
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Which of the following is a physical variable of your habitat?
a. | Range of temperature | b. | Number of people in your
family | c. | How fast you can run | d. | Whether or not you have a
pet |
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40.
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Earth’s biosphere includes:
a. | its life supporting layers. | b. | the moon. | c. | Earth’s
core. | d. | None of the above |
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41.
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Ocean habitats can be described as:
a. | the same everywhere you go. | b. | low dissolved salt. | c. | unable to support
life. | d. | None of the above |
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42.
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Freshwater aquatic life lives in what percent of Earth’s water?
a. | Less than 0.01 percent | b. | Less than 1 percent | c. | 60
percent | d. | 97.24 percent |
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43.
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A group of living things and their physical surroundings is called a(n):
a. | ecosystem. | b. | biosphere. | c. | community. | d. | population. |
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44.
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All of Earth’s different ecosystems make up the:
a. | biosphere. | b. | community. | c. | population. | d. | All of the
above |
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45.
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This process is used by plants to make food.
a. | Evaporation | b. | Condensation | c. | Photosynthesis | d. | Respiration |
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46.
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A living thing that can make its own food is called a:
a. | consumer. | b. | producer. | c. | decomposer. | d. | carnivore. |
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47.
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An herbivore and a carnivore are both examples of:
a. | producers. | b. | consumers. | c. | decomposers. | d. | All of the
above |
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48.
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Organisms that are consumers that eat only plants are known as:
a. | carnivores. | b. | herbivores. | c. | omnivores. | d. | decomposers. |
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49.
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A living thing that breaks down waste and dead things is called a:
a. | herbivore. | b. | carnivore. | c. | omnivore. | d. | decomposer. |
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50.
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The main source of energy for the water cycle is:
a. | the Sun. | b. | Earth’s surface. | c. | Earth’s
water. | d. | clouds. |
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51.
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Photosynthesis requires the following materials:
a. | sunlight. | b. | water. | c. | carbon
dioxide. | d. | All of the above |
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52.
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Living things of the same type are grouped into:
a. | the biosphere. | b. | ecosystems. | c. | communities. | d. | populations. |
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53.
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This process in the water cycle returns water from the atmosphere to
Earth’s surface.
a. | Evaporation | b. | Precipitation | c. | Transpiration | d. | Photosynthesis |
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54.
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A consumer that eats both plants and animals is called a(n):
a. | herbivore. | b. | carnivore. | c. | omnivore. | d. | decomposer. |
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55.
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Which of the following statements is FALSE about the carbon-oxygen cycle:
a. | Sunlight is an important part of the cycle. | b. | Photosynthesis is
not an important part of the cycle. | c. | Carbon dioxide is released by animals like
fish. | d. | All of the above |
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56.
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Nutrients in an ecosystem are:
a. | recycled by decomposers that return them to soil, water, or air. | b. | water, carbon,
oxygen, nitrogen, and calcium | c. | elements and compounds needed by organisms to
stay alive. | d. | All of the above |
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57.
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Which of the following statements is TRUE about the water cycle?
a. | The Sun is unimportant to the water cycle. | b. | Water is used up and
not returned to the environment. | c. | Evaporation and precipitation are important
parts of the water cycle. | d. | Water runoff cannot be
recycled. |
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58.
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This shows how each member of an ecosystem community gets its food.
a. | Food chain | b. | Water cycle | c. | Carbon-oxygen
cycle | d. | Water chain |
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59.
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The energy pyramid shows how energy moves from one feeding level to the next in
a:
a. | water cycle. | b. | food chain. | c. | carbon
cycle. | d. | life chain. |
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60.
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Which of the following statements is TRUE about food webs?
a. | They consist of non-overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. | b. | They consist of
overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. | c. | All animals only eat one kind of
food. | d. | There are always more consumers than producers in an
ecosystem. |
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61.
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Energy units in a food pyramid:
a. | are actual numbers describing how many snakes are eaten by one
hawk. | b. | show relative amounts of energy that get transferred from a producer to a
consumer. | c. | must always be the same, even when the animals in the diagram
change. | d. | increase as you move up the food chain. |
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62.
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An energy pyramid gets smaller and smaller at the top because:
a. | The amount of energy passed along from the original producer becomes less and less as
you move up the food chain. | b. | No energy is lost as you move up the food
chain. | c. | It takes more grass to feed a grasshopper than it does to feed a
hawk. | d. | There are more consumers than there are producers. |
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63.
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At the top of the energy pyramid:
a. | is the least amount of energy. | b. | is the most amount of
energy. | c. | there is no energy left. | d. | are producers. |
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64.
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The most plentiful group in an ecosystem community are the:
a. | herbivores. | b. | carnivores. | c. | consumers. | d. | producers. |
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65.
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Animals that feed on other animals are known as:
a. | prey. | b. | predators. | c. | producers. | d. | decomposers. |
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66.
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Animals that are killed by other animals for food are known as:
a. | prey. | b. | predators. | c. | consumers. | d. | decomposers. |
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67.
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Pollutants harm living things by impacting:
a. | air. | b. | water. | c. | soil. | d. | All of the
above |
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68.
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A secchi disk is used to conduct a(n) ____ test in water.
a. | acid test | b. | pH test | c. | turbidity
test | d. | oxygen test |
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69.
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An interaction where two species live together for a long time and at least one
of them benefits is called:
a. | competition. | b. | symbiosis. | c. | photosynthesis. | d. | abiotic. |
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70.
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An invasive species:
a. | competes with native species. | b. | may have a negative impact on native
species. | c. | may have no existing predators. | d. | All of the
above |
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71.
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Toxins are harmful to animals like humans because they:
a. | are concentrated at each link in the food chain. | b. | cannot be broken
down into less harmful compounds by the body. | c. | can damage tissue like the
brain. | d. | All of the above |
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72.
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For any species, population growth is:
a. | limited by available food and space. | b. | always increasing. | c. | not
limited. | d. | is always decreasing. |
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73.
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What effect would lowering dissolved oxygen levels in a pond have?
a. | The temperature of the pond would increase | b. | Fewer living animals
in the pond | c. | More living animals in the pond | d. | No effect |
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74.
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Mercury can be harmful to humans because:
a. | it builds up in the body and at high levels it may cause illness or
death. | b. | it can be stored in the fat of fish that people eat. | c. | fish may have levels
of mercury in their fat thousands of times greater than the level of mercury in the surrounding
water. | d. | All of the these |
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75.
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This gas is a harmful pollutant when it reacts with water in the atmosphere to
make acid rain.
a. | Carbon dioxide | b. | Methane | c. | Mercury | d. | Sulfur dioxide |
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