Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or
false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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1.
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An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism
survive. ____________________
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2.
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Species that share more similarities in their DNA are more closely
related than those that share fewer similarities. ____________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
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3.
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Which fossil is the oldest in the drawing below?  a. | Fossil A | c. | Fossil C | b. | Fossil B | d. | Fossil D |
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4.
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Scientists have evidence that ____ first appeared 40,000 years ago.
a. | primate ancestors | b. | mammals | c. | modern humans
| d. | dinosaurs |
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5.
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Scientists believe that the earliest cells on Earth were simple, and that over
time, more complex cells developed from these simple cells. This describes:
a. | evolution. | b. | artificial selection. | c. | comparing
embryos. | d. | the fossil record. |
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6.
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As a populations’ habitat changes over time, which species would have a
better chance of survival?
a. | A species with a high level of variation | b. | A species with a low
level of variation | c. | A species that rarely
mutates | d. | A species that feeds only on one type of food |
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7.
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 The picture shows
the same piece of anatomy for 4 different species. The structures shown are referred to as: a. | homologous structures. | c. | vertebrates. | b. | analogous structures. | d. | arms. |
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8.
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Why are cells considered evidence for evolution?
a. | Cells are not considered to be evidence for evolution. | b. | There are a large
variety of cells in organisms. | c. | There are striking similarities among all
cells. | d. | All cells are traced back to different origins. |
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9.
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In the cladogram below, which two species have the weakest evolutionary
relationship?  a. | Kangaroo and Snake | c. | Squirrel and Kangaroo | b. | Squirrel and
Frog | d. | Squirrel and
Snake |
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10.
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The climate of a certain area is cold, and snow is found on the ground most of
the year. Equal numbers of two populations of rabbits are introduced into this climate by a group of
scientists. One of the populations is brown and the other is white. Predict what will happen over
several generations.
a. | There will be equal numbers of brown and white rabbits. | b. | There will be more
brown rabbits that white rabbits. | c. | There will be more white rabbits than brown
rabbits. | d. | There is no way to predict what will happen to the rabbit
population. |
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11.
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The variations within a population will most likely be passed on to future
generations if they are:
a. | due to a mutation and result in beneficial variations. | b. | due to a mutation
and result in harmful variations. | c. | not due to a mutation and result in harmful
variations. | d. | not due to a mutation and result in beneficial
variations. |
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Completion
Complete each statement.
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Select the correct term to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in
the list.| embryos | artificial selection | natural selection | | Thomas Malthus | Charles
Darwin | base sequences | | extinction | variations | differentiation | | adaptation | Earth’s core | sedimentary | | evolution | ancestor | cladogram | | 4.6 billion | 100,000 | common ancestor | | | |
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12.
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The process of how organisms acquire adaptations over time is called
____________________.
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13.
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An organism from which others have descended is referred to as an
____________________
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14.
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Scientists believe that Earth is about ____________________ years old.
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15.
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A hummingbird’s long beak helps it get nectar from flowers. This is an
example of an ____________________.
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16.
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Without ____________________ in a population evolution could never occur.
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17.
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Increased competition with other species, newly introduced predators, loss of
habitat, and catastrophes all may lead to ____________________ of a species.
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Short Answer
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18.
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Over 90% of the DNA base sequences for hemoglobin in chimpanzees and humans are
identical. What does this suggest?
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19.
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How does isolation lead to the evolution of a new species?
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Essay
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20.
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The bark of trees in Manchester, England was mostly light-colored before the
Industrial Revolution. Light-colored peppered moths that rested on the trees were camouflaged from
bird predators. Dark-colored moths were easily preyed upon. After a few years of industrialization,
the bark of trees became dark-colored from pollution. Explain how natural selection would probably
affect the moth population due to the change in the environment.
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